{"id":53,"date":"2019-08-03T11:22:00","date_gmt":"2019-08-03T11:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/2019\/08\/03\/1-2-characteristics-of-computer\/"},"modified":"2024-11-07T19:03:48","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T13:18:48","slug":"1-2-characteristics-of-computer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/?p=53","title":{"rendered":"1.2 Characteristics of Computer"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

Computers have distinguishing characters which make them ideal
\nmachines. But they do not certain have characters which human possess. Some of
\nthe important characteristics of computers are:<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
i]\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Automatics:<\/b><\/div>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>\u25ba\u00a0 Computers are automatic machines which
\nonce started a job; carry it on until it is completed\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0provided they are given
\nthe required instructions by the users.<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
ii]\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Speed:<\/b><\/div>\n
\u25ba<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span>The computers are capable of taking
\nlogical decisions, performing arithmetic and non-arithmetic operations on
\nalphabets and copying at an unbelievable speed.<\/div>\n
\u25ba\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>The units of speed for a computer are in
\nmilliseconds (10-3<\/sup>) or even in nano and Pico second (10-9<\/sup>
\nor 10-12<\/sup>)<\/div>\n
\u25ba<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>A powerful computer can perform 3 to 4
\nmillion arithmetic operations per second.<\/div>\n
\u25ba<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span>The speed of the computers is attributed
\nto the fact that The Computers Are Electronic Devices Working On Electrical Pulses Which
\nTravel at High Speed.<\/i><\/b><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
iii]\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>Accuracy:<\/b><\/div>\n
\u25ba<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>The computer produces highly accurate
\nand reliable results<\/div>\n
\u25ba<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>The errors in the calculations may be
\ndue to the error in the logic of the human but not due to the computer.<\/div>\n
\u25ba<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>The computers perform accurate
\ncalculations ‘n’ number of times.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
iv]\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span>Versatility:<\/b><\/div>\n
\u25ba<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>A computer
\nis capable of performing a wide variety of functions.<\/div>\n
\u25ba<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>It can
\naccept data and produce results.<\/div>\n
\u25ba<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>It can
\nperform the basic arithmetic and logic operations.<\/div>\n
\u25ba<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>It can
\ntransfer data internally<\/div>\n
\u25ba<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Severally applications can be run at a
\ntime. For example MS Powerpoint, Adobe Pagemaker and Windows Media Player can
\nbe run at a time.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
v]\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>Diligence:<\/b><\/div>\n
\u25ba\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>A computer is capable of performing the
\nsame task over and over again with the same degree of accuracy and reliability
\nas the first one.<\/div>\n
\u25ba\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>This is because, unlike human beings,
\ncomputers are free from monotony, tiredness, lack of concentration etc. and can
\nwork hours together without creating bugs.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
vi]\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span>Large and Perfect Memory:<\/b><\/div>\n
\u25ba\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>A computer can store and recall any
\namount of information because of its secondary storage capability with perfect
\naccuracy unlike human beings.<\/div>\n
\u25ba\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>The storage
\ncapacity of the computer is enormous and is perfect.<\/div>\n
\u25ba\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>A computer recalls a data with greater
\naccuracy even after several times and does not lose any information unless it
\nis prompted to do so.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
vii]\u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span>No I.Q and feelings:<\/b><\/div>\n
\u25ba\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>A computer
\nis not intelligent on its own and cannot think its own.<\/div>\n
\u25ba\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>It can only
\nperform the tasks specified by the human.<\/div>\n
\u25ba\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>It cannot
\ndecide on its own and only the user can determine what the computer must do.<\/div>\n
\u25ba\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>A computer
\nhas no feelings but a human does.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Table 1.3:
\nMeasures of capacity<\/b><\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Kilo-(K)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1 Thousand<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
= 103<\/sup> and 210<\/sup> bytes<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Mega-(M)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1 Million<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
= 106<\/sup> and 220<\/sup> bytes<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Giga-(G)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1 Billion<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
= 109<\/sup> and 230<\/sup> bytes<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Tera-(T)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1 Trillion<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
=1012<\/sup> and 240<\/sup> bytes<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Peta-(P)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1 Quadrillion<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
=1015<\/sup> and 250<\/sup> bytes<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Bit\/Binary
\nDigit: <\/b><\/div>\n
(Represent single
\nbit either 1 or 0 or ON or OFF). A binary digit is logical 0 and 1 representing
\na passive or an active state of a component in an electronic circuit.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Nibble:<\/b> 4 bits or \u00bd byte = 1 Nibble =
\nGroup of 4 bit<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Byte<\/b> = 1 character. A group of 8 bits
\nis called byte. A byte is the smallest unit, which can represent a data item or
\na character.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Word<\/b> (2 bytes or 16 bits): = 1 Word. A
\ncomputer word, like a byte, is a group of fixed number of bits processed as a
\nunit, which varies from computer to computer but is fixed for each computer.
\nThe length of a computer word is called word-size or word length. It may be as
\nsmall as 8 bits or may be as long as 96 bits. A computer stores the information
\nin the form of computer words.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
2 Words or 32 bits
\n= Double word<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
1024 Bytes<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1 Killobyte (KB)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
210 <\/sup>or 103<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1024 KBs<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1 Megabyte (MB)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
220<\/sup> or 106<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1024 MBs<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1 Gigabyte (GB)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
230<\/sup> or 109<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1024 GBs<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1 Terabyte (TB)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
240<\/sup> or 1012<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1024 TBs<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1 Petabyte (PB)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
250<\/sup> or 1015<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1024 PBs<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1 Exabyte (EB)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
260<\/sup> or 1018<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1024 EBs<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1 Zettabyte (ZB)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
270<\/sup> or 1021<\/sup><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n<\/b>
\nHow many bytes equal to 1TB?<\/b><\/div>\n
Here, from the
\nabove table we have observed that:<\/div>\n
1 TB = 1024 GB<\/div>\n
= 1024\u00d71024MB<\/div>\n
=1024\u00d71024\u00d71024KB<\/div>\n
=1024\u00d71024\u00d71024\u00d71024
\nBytes<\/div>\n
= 1099511627776
\nBytes<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Table 1.4 Measure of Time and Speed<\/b><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Unit of Time<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Meaning<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Part of Second<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
In the power of 10<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Millisecond (m)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Thousandth of a second<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1\/1000<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
10-3<\/sup> sec.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Microsecond (m<\/span>)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Millionsth of a second<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1\/1000000<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
10-6<\/sup> sec.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Nanosecond (n)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Billionsth of a second<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1\/000000000<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
10-9<\/sup> sec.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Picoseconds (p)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Trillionth of a second<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1\/000000000000<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
10-12<\/sup> sec.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Femtosecond (f)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Quadrillionth of a second<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1\/1000000000000000<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
10-15<\/sup> sec.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Computers have distinguishing characters which make them ideal machines. But they do not certain have characters which human possess. Some of the important characteristics of computers are: i]\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0Automatics: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u25ba\u00a0 Computers are automatic machines which once started a job; carry it on until it is completed\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0provided they are […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":494,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[62],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-computer-fundamental"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=53"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":495,"href":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53\/revisions\/495"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/494"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=53"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=53"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rijankc.com.np\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=53"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}